{"id":8224,"date":"2023-05-16T11:11:29","date_gmt":"2023-05-16T09:11:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/?p=8224"},"modified":"2025-07-17T12:22:26","modified_gmt":"2025-07-17T10:22:26","slug":"welcome-to-pula","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/welcome-to-pula\/","title":{"rendered":"Welcome to Pula"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pula<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A brief history of a city and what not to miss<\/h3>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
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Pula is one of the most dynamic Croatian centres in Istria<\/strong>, the small triangular peninsula bordering the northern waters of the Adriatic Sea, and is known, like the rest of the Istria region, for its mild climate<\/strong>, calm sea<\/strong> and unspoiled nature<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Like any seaside town, its history is a layering of different peoples<\/strong>, traditions<\/strong>, constructions<\/strong> and bombings<\/strong>, making it one of the most interesting centres in the entire area.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Pula and its Arena<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
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Although a legend says that the first inhabitants of Pula were Jason and the Argonauts<\/strong>, the actual founding of the city took place thanks to the Romans<\/strong>, who conquered the area in 177 B.C.<\/strong> and built the city around 46 B.C.<\/strong> as a colony of Roman citizens<\/strong> (known then as Pietas Iulia).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The city’s glorious Roman past can still be felt as you stroll through its streets, dotted with emblematic monuments<\/strong>, first and foremost its amphitheatre<\/strong>, the best-preserved ancient monument in Croatia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The amphitheatre, also known as the Arena of Pula<\/strong>, dominates the entire city centre and is its most iconic symbol. It is the sixth largest surviving amphitheatre<\/strong> and was built between 2 B.C. and 14 A.D.<\/strong> at the behest of the first emperor, Augustus<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, the shape we see today is the result of an extension ordered by Vespasian<\/strong>, the same emperor who built the Colosseum. Vespasian wanted the Arena to host gladiator fights<\/strong> that could be admired by 23,000 spectators<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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The reasons for the Arena’s renovation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

However, the story goes that the intention to bribe the public<\/strong> was not the only reason behind this renovation; there was a very personal one: to pay homage to a woman<\/strong>, Cenis<\/strong>, a native of Pula and the emperor’s official mistress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Arena, named after the Latin word harena<\/em> (the sand on which gladiators used to fight) is the only one surviving today to preserve the square corner towers<\/strong> that characterised this type of building.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here, aromatic water was stored<\/strong> in special cisterns, two per tower, which was used to supply some fountains or to be sprayed on people during hot days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The amphitheatre was located just outside the Roman walls<\/strong>, on sloping ground, an inconvenience overcome by its architects with a basement higher towards the sea, on whichtwo levels of round arches<\/strong> supported by massive pillars and, above these, an attic, pierced by quadrangular openings, still stand today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The entire building was made of limestone<\/strong>, unfortunately partly used in later centuries to construct other buildings in the area.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

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An interesting fact<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
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In the Renaissance period, when the city was under the rule of the Venetian Republic, known as La Serenissima<\/strong>, some nobles even suggested
dismantling the entire amphitheatre stone by stone<\/strong> in order to rebuild it in Venice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fortunately, the Venetian senator Gabriele Emo<\/strong> vigorously opposed this, and the inhabitants of Pula, in order to thank him, dedicated a statue<\/strong> to him, which can still be admired near this imposing monument.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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The Temple of Augustus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The Arena is not the only evidence that Pula was a flourishing city of the Roman Empire, with its lively harbour and ancient forum. One of the most important buildings of this area still exists today: the Temple of Augustus<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

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This elegant monument of soaring dimensions was built between 2 B.C. and 14 A.D.<\/strong> at the behest of Octavian Augustus<\/strong>, who had already commissioned the Arena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sacred building, with its fine Corinthian columns, experienced similar vicissitudes<\/strong> to those of the Parthenon in Athens: transformed into a church<\/strong> and then into a granary<\/strong>, it was eventually damaged<\/strong> by the Allied bombing raids during the Second World War, a period when the city was in the hands of the German army.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fortunately, a careful restoration<\/strong> has fully restored its beauty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The atrocities of war only in very rare and fortunate circumstances can bring benefits: this is the case of an extensive floor mosaic<\/strong>, discovered by the very same Allied bombs that collapsed part of the forum temple.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Its decoration<\/strong> sees an orderly alternation of geometric motifs and natural elements belonging to flora and fauna; however, among these more common subjects, the central panel of the left-hand section stands out, depicting the punishment of Dirce<\/strong>, a subject that was not very common in ancient times.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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The triumphal Arch of the Sergii<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

There is one last Roman monument that deserves to be seen for its incredible state of preservation<\/strong> and for how much it has been loved over the years by artists, among them the famous Michelangelo Buonarroti<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is the triumphal Arch of the Sergii; the matron Salvia Postuma<\/strong> had it built in honour of her husband Lucius Sergius Lepidus<\/strong> next to one of the city gates between 25 and 10 B.C.<\/strong>, as the dedication inscription on the attic reads erected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is a single-arched arch<\/strong>, framed by two pairs of elegant, slender columns of Corinthian style. Its decoration<\/strong> is much more refined<\/strong> than that of the contemporary Arch of Augustus in Rimini: quadrigas, putti holding festoons laden with flowers and fruit, and the ever-present winged Victories, which have always been essential elements of this type of monuments.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

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Not only treasures from Roman times<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pula does not only preserve artistic treasures from the Roman period. In the city centre, there are several monuments that testify to the Medieval period<\/strong>, Venetian rule<\/strong>, and later periods: Austro-Hungarian<\/strong>, Italian<\/strong>, Nazi<\/strong> and Yugoslav<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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The Town hall and the Pula Cathedral<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The Town hall, located in the Forum Square, which was repeatedly altered in the following centuries, and the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary<\/strong>, which was also enlarged and underwent several subsequent interventions, date back to the medieval period<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

One of these, dated between 1671 and 1707, led to the construction of the bell tower<\/strong>, for which a large amount of material from the Roman Arena was used.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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The Chapel of Santa Maria Formosa and the Monastery of St Francis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Two other sacred buildings should certainly be mentioned for their value: the first is the Chapel of Santa Maria Formosa<\/strong>, part of an abbey complex that was later demolished. It is one of the main early Christian<\/strong> monuments in Byzantine style<\/strong> in Istria, whose appearance was very similar to that of the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia in Ravenna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was inspired by this small Italian masterpiece, with the difference that for the Pula Chapel, stone<\/strong> and not brick was used as a building material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The interior must have been extremely majestic, decorated with precious mosaics, the remains of which can be seen in the Archaeological Museum of Istria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second building worth mentioning is the Monastery of St Francis<\/strong>, whose church was built in the early 14th century and features the characteristic simple style of Franciscan complexes,<\/strong> with late Romanesque elements combined with Gothic decorative details.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

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The Castle and the Fortresses<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Moving on to the period when Pula was under Venetian rule<\/strong>, it is worth mentioning one monument of great importance, from which one can enjoy a stunning view of the city: the Castle<\/strong>, a Venetian fortress located on the top of the main hill<\/strong> overlooking the harbour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Its quadrangular shape<\/strong> surrounded by four pike-shaped bastions was designed around 1630<\/strong> by the French architect Antoine De Ville<\/strong>, commissioned by the Venetian government, which was interested in defending Pula, a centre of fundamental importance for maritime traffic in the Northern Adriatic, from possible external attacks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not the only military monument in the city, there are several fortresses<\/strong> dating back to the Austro-Hungarian period<\/strong> that can be visited today; they were part of an efficient and complex defensive network designed to protect the most important military harbour in the empire. These include the Varudella fortress<\/strong>, reconfigured to house the city’s aquarium, the largest in Croatia.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

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The statue of James Joyce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

It is impossible to end this walk in search of the beauties of Pula<\/strong> without mentioning one of the last artistic masterpieces the city has endowed itself with. It is the bronze statue of James Joyce<\/strong>, placed between the tables of the caf\u00e9 “Uliks<\/strong>” (Ulysses in Croatian) just like the title of his most famous novel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The artwork, created by the famous Croatian sculptor Mate \u010cvrljak<\/strong> in 2003<\/strong>, pays tribute to the Irish writer who for a brief period of his life taught English just a few steps away from this caf\u00e9<\/strong> from which he continues to sip his coffee even today under the shadow of the Arena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There would still be many details to be told about the city of Pula and its varied and unique heritage<\/strong>, but to really discover them, all you have to do is stroll through its streets<\/strong>, explore<\/strong> its museums, attend<\/strong> its events, and immerse yourself in its history.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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BiVillage and the Brijuni Islands<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The BiVillage<\/a><\/strong>, located in Fa\u017eana<\/strong> on the coast of Istria opposite the Brijuni Islands, is the ideal place for those who wish to explore this beautiful archipelago<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The village offers a wide range of tourist activities, including excursions to the Brijuni Islands<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This group of 14 islands<\/strong> was proclaimed a national park<\/strong> in 1983. Each island has its own natural beauty and the national park offers numerous activities<\/strong> for visitors, such as hiking<\/strong>, horseback riding<\/strong>, boat trips<\/strong> and scuba diving<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

One of the most exciting attractions on the main island is the Safari Park<\/strong>, where visitors can see exotic animals such as zebras, elephants, etc.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

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In addition to nature and wildlife, the Brijuni Islands also offer a rich cultural history<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first historical mention dates back to 384 AD and during the following centuries, the archipelago was inhabited by peoples such as the Romans<\/strong> and the Venetians<\/strong>. Throughout history, it was also used as a military base<\/strong> during World War I and as the summer residence<\/strong> of the Yugoslav President Tito<\/strong> in the 1950s and 1960s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Today, the Brijuni Islands are an important tourist destination in Croatia, offering visitors an unparalleled experience of nature<\/strong>, culture<\/strong> and history<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The islands are easily accessible from the mainland<\/strong> and offer high-quality accommodation, restaurants and bars where you can enjoy local cuisine and fine Istria wines.<\/p>\n\n\n\nCHECK OUT THE BIVILLAGE<\/a>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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The author<\/h3>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
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Monika Petrovi\u0107<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Monika Petrovi\u0107 was born in 1979 in Pula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She graduated in 2004 from the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Rijeka and also at the Department of Art, specialising in Painting in the class of Marijan Pongrac. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

She works at the Archaeological Museum of Istria as a restorer of glass<\/strong>, ceramics and metals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is a member of the HDLU (Croatian Association of Artists) of Istria.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A brief history of a city and what not to miss<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":8342,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-non-categorizzato"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWelcome to Pula - Biholiday<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/welcome-to-pula\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Welcome to Pula - Biholiday\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A brief history of a city and what not to miss\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/welcome-to-pula\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Biholiday\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-05-16T09:11:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-17T10:22:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/biholiday-pola-banner.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Stefano P.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Stefano P.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"11 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/welcome-to-pula\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/welcome-to-pula\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Stefano P.\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/4493570a5c2d37966b24f92838e9ba3c\"},\"headline\":\"Welcome to Pula\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-05-16T09:11:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-17T10:22:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/welcome-to-pula\/\"},\"wordCount\":1752,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/welcome-to-pula\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/biholiday-pola-banner.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Non categorizzato\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/welcome-to-pula\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.biholiday.com\/en\/welcome-to-pula\/\",\"name\":\"Welcome to Pula - 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